Uncover the Intriguing History of the Triskelion

Discover the Fascinating History of the Triskelion

​The triskelion, an ancient and captivating symbol, has been adopted by diverse cultures throughout history, including the Celts and the Bretons. In this article, we delve into the origin of the word "triskelion," its cultural and spiritual significance, and the varied meanings and interpretations associated with it.
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If you've visited Brittany or other Celtic nations, chances are you've encountered the triskelion adorning buildings, monuments, or jewelry. But do you truly grasp the history and depth of meaning behind this symbol? This article aims to offer an in-depth exploration of the triskelion, providing valuable insights into its origin, evolution, and cultural relevance.

What is the Triskelion?

​The triskelion comprises three intertwined spirals or legs converging at a central point. The term "triskelion" derives from ancient Greek, combining "tri-" meaning "three" and "skelos" meaning "leg." This symbol and its name have been embraced and adapted by various cultures over time, notably the Celts and the Bretons.

The Meaning of the Triskelion

​The triskelion holds a complex array of meanings. Commonly, its three spiraling branches are seen to symbolize water, earth, and fire, unifying the three Celtic realms. Some believe it signifies sky, earth, and water. Others interpret the branches as representative of the three principal gods in Celtic lore: Lug, Ogme, and Dagda. There are also associations with sleep, dream, and awakening, or the stages of life: childhood, adulthood, and old age.

Furthermore, the triskelion may symbolize time: past, present, and future. Some speculate it might draw inspiration from the shamrock, although this theory isn't widely accepted.

The triskelion is a captivating symbol steeped in history, open to diverse interpretations across cultures and belief systems. Its significance often intertwines with Celtic spirituality and Breton identity, holding spiritual importance for many.
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The Triskelion's Global History

The triskelion traces back over 4000 years, extensively used by the Celts in their art and culture. Its oldest depictions are found on Malta's megalithic temples from the Neolithic era and Ireland's Newgrange tomb dating back to 3200 BC.

This symbol also appeared in ancient Greece and became prominent in Celtic art during the La Tène period, spanning the 5th to 7th centuries BC. It subsequently spread to the Gothic West, reaching the Isle of Man in the 13th century and adorning coats of arms, art, and military gear across Europe and the Balkans. Its prevalence on Celtic military equipment suggests a belief in its magical protective properties.

The triskelion also intersected with Pythagorean mystical thought, where the number three symbolized perfection and harmony, alongside the golden ratio.
In the Christian context, the triskelion found its place in Celtic and Catholic art and sculpture, co-opted by both Christianity and ancient pagan beliefs as it evolved through successive migrations.

​Today, the triskelion is closely linked with Brittany, considered one of its enduring symbols. Contemporary Bretons and tourists view it as emblematic, and it's commonly featured on Breton souvenirs. However, its substantial prominence as a Celtic symbol in Armorica appears relatively recent.

The Triskelion in Branding and Dining

During the Celtic revival of the 1970s, figures like Alan Stivell popularized the triskelion, making it inseparable from Brittany's identity. Brands, recognizing its significance, integrated it into their imagery. The "Paysan Breton" brand adopted it as an emblem, and the Lancelot brewery stamped it on bottles of their organic beer "Telenn Du."
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The triskelion proliferates on merchandise like mugs, keychains, or T-shirts, and even in cuisine. While its meaning is subjective, some view it as a Breton good luck charm.

​Numerous restaurants in Brittany and North America bear names like Triskel or Triskell:

• Le Triskel - 3 av. du Port, 29730 Guilvnec, Brittany, France
• Le Triskell - 2 Quai de Houat, 56170 Quiberon, Brittany, France
• Cafe Triskell - 33-04 36th Ave, Queens, NY 11106, United States

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Flags Embracing the Triskelion

​While rooted in Celtic origins, the triskelion has gained popularity in many cultures, notably in flags. Noteworthy flags include those of the Isle of Man, Sicily, and the flags representing Celtic nations.

The Isle of Man Flag
The flag of the Isle of Man, or Mann flag (Manx: brattagh Vannin), prominently displays a triskelion composed of three armed legs with golden spurs on a red background. This banner became the Isle of Man's official flag in 1932, based on the island's centuries-old coat of arms. The symbol's origins remain uncertain, possibly linked to Celtic or Nordic mythology.

The Sicilian Triskelion
Sicily, known for its captivating history and rich culture, features the triskelion on its flag. The triskelion is an ancient motif utilized by various cultures, including the Greeks, Romans, and Celts.

Crafted in 1943 by Italian politician Andrea Finnochiaro Aprile, the flag features the Trinacria, an ancient symbol dating back to the 3rd century BC. The Trinacria, found on Syracusan coins from the 4th century BC, represents Sicily's triangular shape. Comprising three bent legs forming a triangle, it symbolizes Sicily's three capes: Peloro, Passero, and Lilibeo, framing the island's triangular perimeter. The legs belong to a female figure, metaphorically representing Sicily's stunning coastal beauty. Foliage adorning the legs signifies the island's agricultural abundance. In ancient Rome, Sicily was a major grain producer, deemed the Empire's granary. The central Medusa's head symbolizes protection and resilience.

​The Inter-Celtic Flag
The inter-Celtic flag is used by Celtic communities and enthusiasts worldwide, prominently featuring in events, both cultural and political, and in sports gatherings involving teams representing Celtic regions.
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In conclusion, the triskelion, with its diverse interpretations and rich history, stands as a captivating symbol, uniting cultures and weaving a tapestry of meaning across centuries. Its journey through time and across continents underscores its enduring significance in the human narrative, offering a glimpse into the interconnectedness of our global heritage.

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