 BREIZH AMERIKA PROFILES | Josh Tyra Josh is a Chicago-based language enthusiast. We sat down with him to learn about his connection to Brittany, France and how he helped in translating J.R.R Tolkien's, The Hobbit into Breton. The Hobbit has become one of the best-selling books of all time, having sold over 100 million copies worldwide. J.R.R. Tolkien's fantasy novel was initially published on September 21, 1937, and the New York Herald Tribune swiftly nominated it for the Carnegie Medal and granted it a prize for finest juvenile fiction. The Hobbit has never been out of print and has spawned a film adaptation series, which debuted in 2012 and went on to become one of the highest-grossing film franchises of all time. [Breizh Amerika] What is your link with Brittany? [Josh Tyra] In 1996, When I was 17 and a burgeoning language buff, I went to Brest for a summerlong French-language immersion course. I arrived very curious about the Breton language as well. I didn’t know a single word of it, but I asked virtually everyone I met if they could speak Breton or knew anyone who did. I stayed with two host families that summer, and I was pleased to learn both of them had a connection to the language: a grandfather in one family, in Le Relecq-Kerhuon, was a native speaker; a little girl in the other, across the bay in Plougastel, was just beginning a bilingual track at school. I also scoured bookstores and began to amass Breton grammars, dictionaries, and magazines—a whole suitcase full by the time I went home! To the consternation of my French teachers, I think I spent more time studying Breton that summer than I did working on my French homework. On subsequent trips I made more personal connections—and bought more books!—and I kept studying the language through the years. When social media took off, I made some good brittophone friends online and got a chance to practice with them. In 2017, my former high school choir in Indiana invited me to compose a new song for them and to conduct the first performance. I decided to write an original poem in Breton and set it to music. The result was “Glas eo ar Mor” (“The Sea is Blue”), which I would describe as a love song to Brittany and to the Breton language. The lyrics play with the multiple meanings of the word glas (“blue, green, pale, gray, bracing,”) while the music is meant to evoke the rise and fall of ocean waves. A clip from the first performance was featured on the Breton-language chat show Bali Breizh, and I later got an email from a woman who told me she was a Breton speaker from birth and loved the words to my song. That really meant a lot to me! How did you get involved in the second edition of the Breton translation of The Hobbit? One of my prize bookstore finds in Saint-Brieuc in 2001 was An Hobbit, the newly printed first edition of Alan Dipode’s Breton translation of The Hobbit. I was thrilled when I found it: I’ve been a lifelong Tolkien fan, ever since my father read The Hobbit to me as a little boy, and I love using translations of familiar books to help me learn a new language. I was lucky to get a copy, because this edition went out of print fairly quickly. Later I became aware of Michael Everson, a linguist, fontographer, and publisher now based in Dundee, Scotland. His unique publishing company Evertype specializes in Celtic and other minority languages, the works of J. R. R. Tolkien and Lewis Carroll, and some related topics. When I saw he had published The Hobbit in both Irish and Cornish, I thought Evertype would be the perfect place for a second edition of the Breton Hobbit, so I wrote to him. He already knew about Alan’s translation and was keen to publish it. He asked me to look into the copyright status, and thanks to social media I soon made contact with Alan’s son and got him connected to Michael. With the original publisher no longer in business, Alan was the sole copyright holder for the translation, and he agreed to Michael’s proposal to republish it. At this point, Michael mentioned to me what we came to call the “God problem”: Tolkien’s characters often use “minced oaths,” mild old-fashioned exclamations such as “Good gracious me!”, “bless my soul!”, “my goodness!” and “oh dear!”, all euphemisms for stronger imprecations. Alan had rendered many of these expressions with the Breton phrase ma Doue ! (literally “my God!”). This was a legitimate translation option, since ma Doue is frequent in spoken Breton, where it has a bit less force than its English equivalent. Michael, however, felt that ma Doue and a couple of similar expressions (such as petra an diaoul…? “what the devil…?”) were out of place in The Hobbit. Although Tolkien was a devout Catholic, he never had his Middle Earth characters make direct references to Judeo-Christian religion. So Michael asked me to research some alternative phrases. I found many possible substitutes and sent my findings to Alan, who proved more than happy to make the requested changes. He used some of my suggestions and incorporated many other expressions I hadn’t even been aware of. Apart from the 30-odd instances of the “God problem,” I had also found three other passages where I felt the Breton might be retooled to better reflect the English as I understood it. I made so bold as to include these in my list of suggested changes, and I was delighted when Alan accepted them as well. This gave me confidence, and I began to think the project might benefit from a native English speaker’s point of view on the whole translation—to say nothing of a second pair of eyes on the lookout for typos, of which many remained in the first edition. Since there were no other volunteers, I began to go through the entire Breton text word by word, line by line, comparing it to the original English. From the very start, Alan was extremely generous and collaborative as he patiently allowed me to query his translation choices down to the minutest detail. We developed a very warm rapport in the course of our work, and this project turned out to be one of the richest, most rewarding, and most enjoyable experiences of my life. How long did it take and what was the reaction in Brittany? The initial revision process took nine months, from June 2019 to March 2020. After the book was typeset, we spent about two months on further proofreading, and the book finally came out in August 2020 (in the middle of the first pandemic lock-down!). All told, I read the entire text word-for-word three times, and Alan read it at least that many. The work continually reminded me how much I have left to learn. Sometimes Alan would accept my suggestions, but just as often he might tell me, “No, we can’t really say it that way in Breton.” An early problem we encountered was that I was unable to find some of the words in the Breton dictionaries at my disposal: I owned only one major dictionary and a couple of student ones. Even supplementing those with some very good online resources that had become available, I could not always track down the words Alan had chosen. He remedied this problem in the most extraordinarily generous way: heavy boxes of books began to show up on my doorstep—rare and out-of-print dictionaries and grammars that Alan had travelled the length and breadth of Brittany to find in used bookstores (and no doubt spent a fortune to have shipped to me!). Among them was one very scarce volume on Old Breton from his own personal collection, which he sacrificed to me after learning it was on my wish list. Thanks to his overwhelming kindness, I got the tools I needed to complete the job much more efficiently. Although the project certainly expanded my knowledge of Breton vocabulary, grammar, and style, it also tested the limits of my English. I quickly discovered that a native command of English was not enough for a thorough understanding of the text. Tolkien’s English, though similar in many respects to my own, is not identical to it; and for a so-called “children’s book,” The Hobbit contains a large number of words quite outside the working vocabulary of even an educated English speaker. Often I overconfidently assumed I had understood a passage, only to find after further research that I had been quite wrong. Then there was the perennial bane of translators, genuine ambiguity. Even now there remain a couple of passages where the merits of two opposing interpretations still present themselves to my mind, and I can still get caught up arguing first one side and then the other, as if I were staring at the famous “vase or two faces” image. The project also confronted me at every turn with the question, “What constitutes a faithful translation?” I was initially disposed to be overliteral out of sheer loyalty to the source text. This even became a standing joke between us! As the project proceeded, my approach relaxed—but not completely, as Alan can testify! In the end, I’m very proud of our work. The resulting text is still largely the same as Alan’s 2001 version, but I feel confident that we have arrived at dozens of improved readings. Not only that, but the majority of the typos, omissions, and other such mechanical errors have been corrected. The reactions I have read from Brittany, primarily through social media, have been overwhelmingly positive. One young woman wrote, “I’m even more excited about learning Breton now that I have found this book!” That is my favorite comment so far, because it goes to the heart of why I participated in this project. I think if you want to encourage people to read in a given language, there are certain books you want to have in print, and The Hobbit is one of them: it consistently figures in top-ten lists of bestselling books worldwide. So this is my modest contribution to Breton literature and to promoting the longevity and health of the language. If it can generate excitement about learning Breton and reading in it, this edition will have fulfilled its goal. (By the way, for those who prefer not to patronize a certain global retailer, An Hobbit is available through AbeBooks, Book Depository, and many other online booksellers.) Another reason to get excited about this edition is how beautifully and lovingly it has been produced: all of Tolkien's original maps and illustrations are included, and thanks to Michael's custom fonts, all the captions and legends look as if they had been hand-lettered by Tolkien in Breton. Where passages appear in Tolkien's Dwarvish runes and Elvish script, these have been not only translated into Breton, but represented using forms of those alphabets that Michael specially adapted to Breton phonology. It's this unheard of attention to detail that makes this Hobbit—and all of Evertypes' Hobbit translations—very special. What are your future projects? I’d like to continue promoting An Hobbit in any way I can. One thing we have done to raise awareness of the book is to produce four YouTube videos: short selections from the first four chapters read aloud in Breton by Alan and his wife Marivon Berr, with the text shown on screen and subtitles available in French and English (to view them, visit Evertype’s YouTube channel). We have more of these in the works—the next video in the series will feature the famous character of Gollum, and I’m eager for the world to hear Breton Gollum-speak! It’s really colorful. We’ve even had some requests for a full-length audio book, and I think that would be fantastic. I’d love to hear some really dramatic readings with a good variety of voices, accents, and ages. But this is as yet only an idea, and would take quite a lot of resources to produce. I can also confirm that the Breton version of The Lord of the Rings (Aotrou ar Gwalennoù) is in an advanced stage of preparation, and I have already had some involvement in that massive undertaking. Any more on that subject I dare not say! Also on my “to-do” list: I would like to translate F. Kervella’s enormous Yezhadur Braz ar Brezhoneg (Comprehensive Grammar of Breton) into English. I think this would be a significant contribution to Celtic linguistics. It would allow wider scholarly access to an important work that has influenced the writing of generations of Breton authors and translators, including Alan Dipode. I’ve made a good start on the translation, but it’s obviously going to be quite a job to finish it! As for my music, I would love to hear “Glas eo ar Mor” performed by a choir in Brittany, maybe even with a full orchestra. I’ve been talking with an interested group in Brest, but unfortunately, their rehearsals are still on hold due to the pandemic. We may have to wait a while, but hopefully one day the song will be heard live in Brittany!
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Fabien Lamaison, CEO of BunnyMoney Fabien in front of murals in Calle 24, in the center San Francisco’s Historic Mission District BREIZH AMERIKA PROFILES | Fabien Lamaison Fabien is a San Francisco based startup CEO and founder. We sat down with him to learn about his Breton links and expat story. What are your links with Brittany? How did you become an expatriate in the USA? I studied in Brittany at the Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Brest and fell in love with the region and the Breton culture. The soul of the city of Brest is quite unique. The coast & Iroise sea are incredible, and inland the menhirs & dolmen are everywhere when you look for them. As for the crêpes & galettes I could have them every day! I became a “Breton by adoption'' as we say. After I graduated, I moved to Paris and then to San Francisco, but I’ve always kept ties with my friends in Brittany. And you know... Brest and San Francisco are not that different! And I’m not just talking about the fog… As it happens, I met Cyril Goust & Thomas Ramé, my co-founders at bunny.money, through our university alumni network as they were looking for opportunities in the US. Now we’re a transatlantic team with French-Americans in the US, Americans in Europe... and we are also residents at Le Village by CA Finistère incubator! We plan to scale our team in Brittany. What’s bunny.money? Why did you start it? With bunny.money, caring citizens can easily save and donate based on their financial wellness while their favorite nonprofits can fundraise for free. We disrupt giving as 100% of the donations go to the organization without any fee whatsoever (vs. 2-7% industry average fee). Nonprofit organizations can directly engage with their members (employees, volunteers, and donors) and get their support. bunny.money helps you support the causes & communities you care about. We initially wanted to disrupt the piggy bank, with a new digital twist and the idea to combine savings with impact because they go hand in hand. If you want a better future, you need to prepare for you and your family, but also “invest” in your community and the planet. People, Planet and Prosperity are inseparable. We are building the next generation of community banking service. What’s your vision for the future of communities - social groups & networks? In the past, we would get together with our family, friends groups, work, social and sports groups in our town. It’s not that different today, but the digital world makes it even easier to connect people with common interests, wherever they are located, and potentially breaking a few social constructs or norms barriers in the way. Nowadays most of us also belong to different digital “tribes” in addition to our friends, family and local groups. In a way, it is truly multi-dimensional and gives us the opportunity to express our own identity, and build the relationships we want among these different communities. Breizh Amerika is a great example of a tribe connecting people digitally and in real life (IRL) in the US & Brittany through a collective, business & cultural expression. If COVID-19 has one silver lining, it’s reminding us how much we truly rely on each other, from our family, friends, colleagues to the first responders, local communities & small businesses around the corner. We have come to realize that the way out of the current health crisis is only possible if we help and respect one another. Solidarity makes us all superhumans, or simply more human again. And entraide (mutual aid) is at the core of any community. Similarly movements such as #MeToo or Black Lives Matter show how much stronger together we can be, and we need to do the same to save the planet. For all these reasons, I believe communities will be our new social & economic fabric to prosper as a society. A cornerstone of collective interactions. A stepping stone for people’s empowerment & fulfillment. Work will be more about sharing with our peers, giving & learning. You can imagine working a few days a week at a company, and also volunteering in a couple of local organizations. It could be a form of timebanking as well — time is the currency, you help with your skills and receive from others. And it can supplement Universal Basic Income too. Communities have the potential to shape societies in new ways and play a key role in making good use of technologies (AI, blockchain etc.). Wait, can we use bunny.money to support Breizh Amerika? I thought you would never ask! ;-) Hop into https://register.bunny.money and select your favorite Breton community. You will receive $10 and Breizh Amerika will also get $5 when you use the app ✅  Erwan Le Corre, fondateur de MovNat BREIZH AMERIKA PROFILES | Erwan Le Corre
Erwan Le Corre vit à Hawaï. Il nous raconte son histoire d'expatrié, la création de MovNat et ses futurs projets. Quel est votre lien avec la Bretagne ? Ma mère vient du pays Malouin et mon père du Cornouaillais. Ils se sont rencontres a la fin des années 60 dans le cadre d'une association Bretonne au Maroc qui entre autres organisait des cours de danse bretonne.Je suis ne en region parisienne et j'y ai grandi tout en regrettant fortement de ne pas pouvoir grandir en Bretagne. Nous nous rendions en vacances en Bretagne pour les vacances d'été, parfois pour Noel, et c'était pour moi toujours vécu comme un grand retour aux sources. Je me souviens petit aller en promenade avec mon arrière grand-mere et l'entendre parler breton avec ses voisins, a la Foret-Fouesnant, ou voir mes parents aller danser au Fest-Noz. Enfant, mon rêve était de jouer du biniou-vraz, d'apprendre le breton et de faire de la voile. Depuis tout petit, on m'a toujours rappelé que j'étais breton...et meme si je vis aux USA aujourd'hui, je m'en souviens toujours. Ces souvenir sont impérissables, l'ocean, les maisons de granit, les fougères, les ronciers ou en famille on cueillait des seaux entiers de mures a la fin de l'été pour en faire des tartes et des confitures pour le reste de l'année...aller a la pêche avec mes frères, escalader les cerisiers, les pommiers, courir dans les champs, explorer de nouveaux sentiers, passer du temps avec nos grand-parents, oncles et tantes, cousins et cousines, aller a la crêperie en famille...en bien des aspects c'était beaucoup de bonheur. Racontez-nous un peu votre parcours d'expatriation ? En 2006 j'ai decide de "changer de branche" et l'histoire de l'education physique et les anciennes méthodes d'entrainement me fascinaient car c'était en fait de cette façon que je m'entrainais personnellement pour la majeure partie. J'étais en fin de trentaine, et l'idée de repartir a l'étranger - j'avais deja une experience d'expatriation en Chine et au Brésil - me titillait. Les Etats-Unis m'attiraient beaucoup, car j'y était deja allé deux fois, donc un premier séjour d'un mois en Pennsylvanie dans une famille Américaine a l'age de 17 ans. Par chance, alors que je n'avais aucun contact particulier, un journaliste de Men's Health USA est tombe sur ma seul et unique video Youtube, une video amateur de démonstration de "mouvements naturels" filmée en Corse, ce qui a abouti presque deux ans plus tard en 2009 a un énorme article de 11 pages, 16 photos sur mon travail et mon approche. Avec 1,5 million de lecteurs a l'époque, jee me suis retrouve submerge de demandes pour des cours, des stages, et d'autres articles de presse, radio et meme television (je suis passe a la tele japonaise, allemande, et sur plusieurs grandes emissions de TV françaises). A partir de la il m'a été possible d'obtenir un visa "O-1" for "extraordinary abilities", et de vivre et travailler aux USA ou j'ai rencontre ma femme en 2010. Nous sommes maries depuis 10 ans et avons 3 enfants, et nous résidons actuellement a Hawaii. Parlez-nous du mouvement de fitness que vous avez créé aux États-Unis? C'est une méthode de fitness dont l'origine remonte principalement en France et basée sur la "méthode naturelle d'eduction physique" de Georges Hebert, mais que j'ai renouvellee et développe sur la base de ma propre expérience (mon entrainement physique a commence tout petit en fait), de mon bagage sportif, et de connaissances scientifiques lies au mouvement ou a l'adaptation physiologique. Pour l'expliquer simplement, il faut penser a tout les mouvements naturels que l'être humain est capable de faire dans un milieu naturel, et que tous les enfants font par instinct étant petits: marcher, s'équilibrer, sauter et atterrir, courir, marcher "a quatre pattes", ramper, s'accrocher et escalader, manipuler des objects pour les porter, les lancer et les attraper etc...Ce sont des capacités de mouvement pratiques. L'idée est que, en les combinant, nous pouvons obtenir des sessions d'exercise très completes, très efficaces, avec une amelioration de notre efficacité technique et des adaptations physiologique (force, endurance, souplesse, équilibre etc...) comme dans tout sport, mais de façon beaucoup plus complete qu'avec un sport de spécialité. Aujourd'hui nous avons 4000 entraîneurs certifies dans le monde entier donc pas seulement aux Etats-unis. Pouvez-vous nous parler de la victoire du record national américain d'apnée statique ? Etant petit mon père me faisait nager sous l'eau. Je me souviens mon grand frère me dire que le record d'apnée était de 5 minutes dans le livre Guinness des records, ce qui me semblait a la fois fascinant et impossible. Mes oncles qui étaient des examples de forme physique pour moi faisaient de la chasse sous-marine. J'ai débuté l'apnée statique il y a 12 ans, sans aucune méthode, j'essayais de battre son record personnel chaque jour pendant deux ou trois mois, la pire façon de s'entrainer et c'est très dur mentalement. Je me souviens que mon record personnel alors était de 4 minutes 43 secondes. Ensuite j'ai arrêté jusqu'il y a 2 ans de ca, quand j'ai commence la chasse sous-marine, et j'ai commence a me plonger - ce n'est pas un jeu de mot! - dans la recherche de méthodes et d'information scientifique. En l'espace de seulement 4 mois, grace a un entrainement physique et mental méthodique, j'ai pu réaliser ma plus longue apnée a ce jour, 7 minutes. Autrement dit mon record national CMAS (l'une des deux grandes organisations mondiales gérant le sport du "freediving") de 6 minutes 46 secondes est inférieur a mon record personnel, mais je dois dire que le contexte les quelques jours précédant cette performance ne jouait pas en ma faveur, j'étais stressé et souffrant; je compte donc faire mieux que ca la prochaine fois! Quels sont vos futurs projets ? Je suis en train de travailler sur une nouvelle méthode que j'enseigne deja en ligne, avec. En preparation des "e-courses" et un nouveau livre. Le concept est celui de meditation en apnée, ce qui peut paraître un peu fou alors que tout le monde sait très bien que l'esprit tend a devenir rapidement agite, négatif, et a paniquer meme, des lors que l'on retient son souffle pendant plus de 20 secondes. Or, il est non seulement possible de calmer son esprit et de méditer malgré le challenge, c'est une fait un moyen extraordinairement efficace de méditer si on sait comment approcher la chose. Beaucoup de mes élèves me disent qu'ils ont finalement pu faire l'experience de la meditation pour la première alors qu'ils n'avait jamais pu la faire par d'autres méthodes! Je vois des records personnels d'apnée passer de moins de 1 ou 2 minutes avant instruction passer a 4 ou 5 minutes en l'espace de quelques jours, ce qui n'est pas du a une adaptation physiologique pure mais a une adaptation neurophysiologique du aux techniques mentales que j'enseigne, les memes qui m'ont permis de battre le record national US d'apnée statique.  Le 21e anniversaire du Consulat des États-Unis d’Amérique pour le Grand Ouest 21 ans est un âge symbolique aux USA! A l’occasion de son 21e anniversaire, le Consulat des États-Unis d’Amérique pour le Grand Ouest a tenu à fêter cet heureux événement en faisant part tout au long de l’été de témoignages des personnes et partenaires qui ont marqué ces années avec lesquels ils ont tissé des liens solides et dynamiques au fil des ans. L'une des personnes choisies était Charles Kergaravat, président de Breizh Amerika. Voici une interview de Charles avec le Consulat pour célébrer leur 21 anniversaire. [ Le Consulat ] Quelle fut votre première interaction avec le Consulat des Etats-Unis d’Amérique à Rennes? [ Charles Kergaravat ] La première fois que j'ai rencontré l'équipe du Consulat des États-Unis d'Amérique pour le Grand Ouest, ce n'était pas là où vous vous y attendriez. C'était dans ma ville natale, New York, en 2013. Eric Beaty se rendait dans la Grosse Pomme avec une délégation afin de célébrer l'anniversaire du jumelage entre Rennes et Rochester. J'avais organisé un événement pour accueillir la délégation et ce fût le début d'une belle relation, essayant de tisser des liens entre la Bretagne et les USA. Puis en 2015, j'ai déménagé en Bretagne et j'ai organisé avec Breizh Amerika un événement à Auray dans le Morbihan auquel Eric a participé avec l'envie de continuer à développer les relations entre nos deux pays. Cet événement a rencontré un vif succès avec plus de 200 chefs d'entreprise et porteurs de projets présents à la soirée-conférence intitulée « Pourquoi est comment faire du business aux USA ». Pouvez-vous raconter une anecdote particulière en lien avec le Consulat des Etats-Unis d’Amérique pour le Grand Ouest? Un temps fort qui vous a marqué? Chez Breizh Amerika, bien que nous ne soyons qu'une organisation à but non lucratif, nous rêvons grand. Nous faisons beaucoup, avec peu. L'un de nos rêves était de rapprocher deux univers musicaux très différents, breton et américain. Nous l'avons fait à travers des résidences musicales faisant collaborer des musiciens de jazz américains et des musiciens traditionnels de fest-noz bretons pour créer de la nouvelle musique. Ce collectif de musiciens a aujourd'hui tourné dans plus de 20 villes américaines et en 2019 nous avons décidé d'amener le “show” en Bretagne afin qu'ils puissent se produire à Yaouank, le plus grand fest-noz du monde. Le Consulat a été un partenaire important pour faire de ce projet un succès retentissant. Ce fut un moment très spécial pour moi que de regarder en live, avec l'équipe du Consulat, ce collectif d'Américains et de Bretons se produire devant 10 000 danseurs à Rennes. La foule les a adorés et leur approche unique du mélange des cultures fait encore souvent parler d'eux, même deux ans après le spectacle! Quel est votre souhait pour l’avenir des relations franco-américaines? Les relations entre la France et les États-Unis se sont forgées dans une période de grande tourmente. Les plus anciens alliés ont beaucoup plus à faire ensemble, surtout maintenant. Nous partageons des valeurs communes fondées sur la liberté, la démocratie et l'égalité. Ces valeurs communes nous unissent mais permettent également de relever plus facilement les défis qui nous attendent. On ne peut pas résoudre seul les problèmes du monde et une plus grande coopération peut être un moteur pour s'assurer que notre grande richesse et notre pouvoir sont utilisés pour aider plus de personnes dans le monde qui n'ont pas cette chance. Améliorer la facilité avec laquelle nos nations et nos entreprises travaillent ensemble sur le plan économique est essentiel, mais se réunir pour résoudre des défis générationnels tels que le changement climatique devrait définir ces relations à l'avenir. Qu’est-ce que l’action du Consulat représente pour vous / vous apporte? Je pense que la Bretagne est particulièrement chanceuse d'avoir un consulat. Le lien historique de la Bretagne avec les États-Unis est très fort et pouvoir s'appuyer sur celui-ci avec le travail actuel du Consulat est irremplaçable. Que ce soit sur le plan économique ou culturel, c'est le moment idéal pour développer davantage de liens et d'échanges. Leur travail incite également les générations futures à rechercher à développer des relations avec leurs pairs d'outre-Atlantique, ce qui est de bon augure pour l'avenir de nos relations. Comment définiriez-vous la relation qu’entretiennent les Etats-Unis avec le Grand Ouest de la France? De Benjamin Franklin au colonel Armand, il y a tellement d'histoires qui nous rassemblent. Il est aujourd'hui très prometteur de voir que les entreprises américaines sont le 1er investisseur étranger en Bretagne. Cela contribue non seulement à créer de nouveaux emplois, mais renforce également la coopération entre les deux pays. À l'avenir, il sera important de faciliter le flux de jeunes entrepreneurs et le développement de projets innovants communs pour les aider à grandir. |
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Breizh Amerikais an organization established to create, facilitate, promote, and sponsor wide-ranging innovative and collaborative cultural and economic projects that strengthen and foster relations and cooperation between the United States of America and the region of Brittany, France. 
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